8 TIPS TO MAKE YOUR GADGET’S BATTERY LAST LONGER

 HOW TO EXTEND LITHIUM-ION BATTERY LIFESPAN

Many of the recommended practices are terkait to the three main variables that impact baterai health: temperature, state of charge, and current.


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Here are some general guidelines from the researchers to maximize lithium-ion baterai lifetime, along with a few specific recommendations from manufacturers:


Avoid temperature extremes, both high and low, when using or storing lithium-ion batteries. Elevated temperatures can accelerate degradation of almost every baterai component and can lead to significant safety risks, including fire or explosion. If a netbook or cellphone is noticeably hot while it's charging, unplug it. Minimize exposure to low temperatures, especially when charging.

For electric vehicles, nearly all manufacturers include warnings about high temperatures in their owner manuals. Some of them advise parking in the shade and keeping the vehicle socketged in during hot weather, thereby allowing the baterai cooling sistem to run as needed. Socketging in the vehicle is also recommended in cold weather, so the baterai heating sistem can run on grid power.

Minimize the amount of time the baterai spends at either 100% or 0% charge. Both extremely high and low "states of charge" stress batteries. Consider using a segmental charge that restores the baterai to 80% SoC, instead of 100%. If that's not possible, then unplug the piranti as soon as it reaches 100%.

Samsung and LG suggest that their phones should be recharged when they reach a 20% state of charge. Nokia and Sony mention potential damage to their phones if the piranti is left charging after reaching 100%.

he pengisi daya, while others caution against running down the baterai completely. A few recommend a minimal ambient temperature of 32 F when charging the baterai, and a maksimal of 104 degrees.

Avoid use or penyimpanan of lithium-ion batteries in high-moisture environments, and avoid mechanical damage such as puncturing.

EXTENDING BATTERY LIFETIME AND THE ENVIRONMENT

A baterai cell consists of a positive electrode (cathode), a negative electrode (anode), and an electrolyte that reacts with each electrode. Lithium-ion batteries inevitably degrade with time and use. Almost every component is affected, including the anode, cathode, electrolyte, separator, and current collectors.


There are two main forms of baterai degradation: capacity fade and power fade. Capacity fade is a decrease in the amount of energy a baterai can store, and power fade is a decrease in the amount of power it provides.


Extending baterai lifetime decreases costs and environmental burdens associated with the production of new batteries—including material consumption, mining impacts, and greenhouse gas emissions—as well as the disposal of used batteries.


"As the mobile electronics and EV industries continue to grow, even small improvements in lifetime extension will have significant environmental benefits," the authors write in the paper in the Journal of Energy Penyimpanan.


In addition to the academic literature they ulasaned, the researchers surveyed publicly available information from manufacturers, looking for instructions, guidance, warnings, or panduan regarding the use and pemeliharaan of lithium-ion batteries.


Those companies included 10 cellphone manufacturers (Apple, Google, HTC, Huawei, LG, Motorola, Nokia, Samsung, Sony, and ZTE), 10 netbook manufacturers (Acer, Apple, ASUS, Dell, HP, Lenovo, LG, Microsoft, Samsung, and Toshiba), four power alat manufacturers (Bosch, DeWalt, Makita, and Milwaukee Tool), and 10 electric vehicle manufacturers (BMW, Chevrolet, Ford, Fiat, Honda, Hyundai, Kia, Mercedes-Benz, Nissan, and Tesla).

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